Khái quát 13 thì trong tiếng anh

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KHÁI QUÁT 13 thì trong tiếng anh

A. LÝ THUYẾT

1. Thì hiện tại đơn – Simple Present

Công thức:

Đối với động từ thường:

Khẳng định: S + V(s/es) + O

Ex: I get up at 6 o’clock.

Phủ định: S + do not /does not + V_inf

Ex: He doesn’t eat chocolate.

Nghi vấn: Do/Does + S + V_inf?

Ex: Do you love me?

Đối với động từ “to be”:

Khẳng định: S + am/is/are + O

Ex: I am a student.

Phủ định: S + am/is/are + not + O

Ex: I am not a student.

Nghi vấn: Am/is/are + S + O?

Ex: Are you a student?

Cách dùng:

Diễn tả một thói quen, sở thích, hành động lặp đi lặp lại ở hiện tại

Ex: I go to school everyday (Hằng ngày tôi đều đi học)

Diễn tả một chân lí, sự thật hiển nhiên.

Ex: The sun rises in the East and sets in the West. (Mặt trời mọc đằng Đông, lặng đằng Tây)

Diễn tả lịch trình, thời khóa biểu (giờ tàu, xe, lịch thi đấu, lịch phim…)

Ex: School finishes at 4.30PM (Trường học kết thúc lúc 4h30 chiều)

Dùng trong mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian

Ex: As soon as I go home, I will call you right away. (Ngay khi tôi về nhà, tôi sẽ gọi cho bạn liền)

Dùng trong câu điều kiện loại 1

Ex: If you study hard, you will pass the entrance examination. (Nếu bạn học hành chăm chỉ, bạn sẽ đậu kì thi đại học)

Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

Trong câu có chứa các từ chỉ “tần suất”:

• Every day/ week/ month…: mỗi ngày/ tuần/ tháng
• Often, usually, frequently: thường
• Always, constantly: luôn luôn
• Sometimes, occasionally: thỉnh thoảng
• Seldom, rarely: hiếm khi

Xem thêm bài viết chi tiết về thì hiện tại đơn.

2. Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn – Present Continuous

Công thức:

Khẳng định: S + am/is/are + V_ing

Ex: He is watching TV now. (Anh ấy đang xem ti vi)

Phủ định: S + am/is/are + not + V_ing

Ex: He is not doing his homework now. (Anh ấy không đang làm bài tập)

Nghi vấn: Am/Is/Are + S + V_ing?

Ex: Is she studying English? (Có phải cô cấy đang học tiếng Anh? )

Cách dùng:

Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra ở hiện tại.

Ex: I am going to school. (Tôi đang đi học)

Diễn tả dự định, kế hoạch sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai.

Ex: We are going on a picnic on Sunday. (Chúng tôi sẽ đi dã ngoại vào chủ nhật này)

Diễn tả sự phàn nàn, dùng với “Always”

Ex: He is always talking in class. (Cậu ấy lúc nào cũng nói chuyện trong giờ học)

Diễn tả sự việc bất thường mang tính chất tạm thời.

Ex: He is working overtime this month. (Tháng này anh ta làm việc quá giờ)

Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

Trong câu có chứa các các từ sau:

• Now: bây giờ
• Right now
• At the moment
• At present
• Look! : nhìn kìa
• Listen! : Nghe nào!
• Watch out! : cẩn thận!
• Be quiet! : Im lặng

Lưu ý: Các động từ chỉ suy nghĩ, cảm xúc, tri giác, nhận thức KHÔNG chia thì hiện tại tiếp diễn.

Like

Astonish

Imagine

Believe

Contain

Need

Love

Please

Know

Remember

Depend

See

Prefer

Impress

Mean

Belong to

Fit

Appear

Want

Satisfy

Realize

Own

Include

Resemble

Wish

Surprise

Suppose

Possess

Involve

Cost

Hate

Doubt

Understand

Concern

Lack

Have

Dislike

Guess

Sound

Consist

Matter

 

Xem thêm bài viết chi tiết về thì hiện tại tiếp diễn.

3. Thì hiện tại hoàn thành – Present Perfect

Công thức:

Khẳng định: S + have/has + V3/ed + O

Ex: I have done my homework. (Tôi hoàn thành xong bài tập)

Phủ định: S + have/has+ not + V3/ed + O

Ex: I haven’t done my homework. (Tôi chưa làm xong bài tập)

Nghi vấn: Have/has + S + V3/ed + O?

Ex: Have you done your homework? (Em đã làm xong bài tập về nhà chưa ?)

Cách dùng:

Diễn tả 1 sự việc xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng vẫn còn ở hiện tại và tương lai.

Ex: I have learned English for 5 years. (Tôi đã học tiếng Anh được 5 năm)

Diễn tả hành động xảy ra và kết quả trong quá khứ nhưng không nói rõ thời gian xảy ra.

Ex: I have lost my wallet. (Tôi đã làm mất cái ví rồi)

Diễn tả hành động vừa mới xảy ra.

Ex: I have just eaten. (Tôi vừa mới ăn xong)

Nói về kinh nghiệm, trải nghiệm.

Ex: I have never gone to Paris. (Tôi chưa bao giờ đến Paris)

Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

Trong câu thường chứa các các từ sau:

• Just, recently, lately: gần đây, vừa mới
• Already : đã….rồi , before: đã từng
• Not….yet: chưa
• Never, ever
• Since, for
• So far = until now = up to now: cho đến bây giờ
• So sánh nhất

4. Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn – Present Perfect Continuous

Công thức:

• Khẳng định: S + have/has + been + V_ing
  Ex: He has been running all day. (Anh ấy đã chạy liên tục cả ngày)
• Phủ định: S + have/has + not + been + V_ing
  Ex: He has not been running all day. (Anh ấy không chạy liên tục cả ngày)
• Nghi vấn: Has/ Have + S + been+ V_ing?
  Ex: Has he been running all day? (Có phải anh ấy đã chạy liên tục cả ngày? )

Cách dùng:

• Nhấn mạnh tính liên tục của một sự việc bắt đầu từ quá khứ đến hiện tại.
  Ex: I have been learning English for 5 years. (Tôi đã học tiếng Anh được 5 năm)
• Diễn tả hành động vừa kết thúc, mục đích nêu tác dụng, kết quả của hành động ấy.
  Ex: I am exhausted. I have been working all day. 

Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

Các từ để nhận biết:

• All day, all week, all month: cả ngày/ tuần/tháng
• Since, for

5. Thì quá khứ đơn – Simple Past

Công thức:

Đối với động từ “To be”

Khẳng định: S + was/were + O

Ex: I was tired yesterday. (Ngày hôm qua tôi đã rất mệt)

Phủ định: S + was/were + not + O

Ex: The supermarket was not full yesterday. (Ngày hôm qua, siêu thị không đông)

Nghi vấn: Was/were + S + O?

Ex: Were you absent yesterday? (Hôm qua bạn vắng phải không?)

Đối với động từ thường

Khẳng định: S + V2/ed + O

Ex: I saw Peter yesterday. (Ngày hôm qua tôi đã nhìn thấy Peter)

Phủ định: S + didn’t + V_inf + O

Ex: I didn’t go to school yesterday. (Ngày hôm qua tôi đã không đi học)

Nghi vấn: Did + S + V_inf + O?

Ex: Did you visit Mary last week? (Tuần trước bạn đến thăm Mary phải không ?)

Cách dùng:

Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra và chấm dứt trong quá khứ.

Ex: I went to the cinema 3 days ago. (Cách đây 3 hôm, tôi đã đi xem phim)

Diễn tả thói quen trong quá khứ. 

Ex: I used to go fishing with my father when I was young. (Lúc nhỏ tôi đã từng đi câu cá với bố tôi)

Diễn tả chuỗi hành động xảy ra liên tiếp

Ex: I got up, brushed my teeth and then had breakfast. (Tôi thức dạy, đánh rang rồi ăn sáng)

Dùng trong câu điều kiện loại 2

Ex: If you studied hard, you could pass the entrance examination. (Nếu bạn học hành chăm chỉ, thì bạn đã đậu kì thi đại học)

Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

Các từ thường xuất hiện:

• Ago: cách đây…
• In…
• Yesterday: ngày hôm qua
• Last night/month/.. : tối qua, tháng trước/..

6. Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn – Past Continuous Tense

Công thức:

Khẳng định: S + was/were + V_ing + O

Ex: She was watching TV at 8 o’clock last night. (Tối hôm qua lúc 8 giờ cô ấy đang xem tv)

Phủ định: S + was/were + not + V_ing + O

Ex: She wasn’t watching TV at 8 o’clock last night. (Tối hôm qua lúc 8 giờ cô ấy không xem tv)

Nghi vấn: Was/were + S + V_ing + O?

Ex: Was she watching TV at 8 o’clock last night? (Có phải tối hôm qua lúc 8 giờ cô ấy đang xem TV?)

Cách dùng:

Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ.

Ex: I was having dinner at 7 o’clock last night. (Tôi đang ăn tối lúc 7 giờ tối hôm qua)

Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra trong quá khứ thì một hành động khác xen vào (hành động xen vào thường được chia ở quá khứ đơn).

Ex: I was watching TV when she called. (Trong khi đang xem TV thì cô ấy gọi)

Diễn tả những hành động xảy ra song song với nhau.

Ex: While Ellen was reading book, Tom was watching television. (Trong khi Ellen đang đọc sách thì Tom đang xem TV)

Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

At 5pm last Sunday

At this time last night

When/ while/ as

From 4pm to 9pm…

7. Thì quá khứ hoàn thành – Past Perfect

Công thức:

Khẳng định: S + had + V3/ed + O

Ex: The storm had attacked my city before last night. (Cơn bão đã tấn công thành phố trước tối hôm qua)

Phủ định: S + had + not + V3/ed + O

Ex: The storm hadn’t attacked my city before last night. (Cơn bão đã chưa tấn công thành phố trước tối hôm qua)

Nghi vấn: Had + S + V3/ed + O?

Ex: Had you left home befor 2015? (Có phải bạn đã bỏ nhà đi trước năm 2015?)

Cách dùng:

Diễn tả hành động đã hoàn thành trước một thời điểm trong quá khứ

Ex: By 4pm yesterday he had left his house. (Anh ta rời nhà trước 4 giờ hôm qua)

Diễn đạt một hành động xảy ra trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ. Hành động xảy ra trước dùng quá khứ hoàn thành – xảy ra sau dùng quá khứ đơn

Ex: Before I went to bed, I had done my homework. (Trước khi tôi đi ngủ, tôi đã làm xong bài tập)

Dùng trong câu điều kiện loại 3

Ex: If you had studied hard, you could have passed the entrance examination. (Nếu bạn học hành chăm chỉ, bạn đã đậu kì thi đại học)

Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

Trong câu chứa các từ:

• By the time, prior to that time
• Before, after
• As soon as, when
• Until then

8. Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn – Past Perfect Continuous

Công thức:

Khẳng định: S + had been + V_ing + O

Ex: She had been watching films. (Cô ấy đã đang xem phim)

Phủ định: S + had + not + been + V_ing + O

Ex: She hadn’t been watching film. 

Nghi vấn: Had + S + been + V_ing + O? ​

Ex: Had she been watching films? (Có phải cô ấy đã đang xem phim?)

Cách dùng:

Diễn đạt hành động xảy ra trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ, nhấn mạnh tính tiếp diễn

Ex: I had been looking for my calculator for some time before he did it. (Tôi đã đang tìm cái máy tính trong một thời gian dài trước khi anh ta làm điều đó)

Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

Trong câu thường chứa:

Before, after

Since, for

Until then

9. Thì tương lai đơn – Simple Future

Công thức:

Khẳng định: S + will/shall/ + V_inf + O

Phủ định: S + will/shall + not + V_inf + O

Nghi vấn: Will/shall + S + V_inf + O?

Cách dùng:

Diễn tả một dự đoán không có căn cứ.

Ex: I think It will rain. (Tôi nghĩ trời sẽ mưa)

Diễn tả quyết định đột xuất xảy ra ngay lúc nói.

Ex: I will bring coffee to you. (Tôi sẽ mang cà phê ra cho bạn)

Diễn tả lời ngỏ ý, đề nghị, một lời hứa, đe dọa

Ex: I will never speak to you again. (Tao sẽ không bao giờ nói chuyện với mày nữa)

Dùng trong mệnh đề chính của câu điều kiện loại I.

Ex: If you don’t hurry, you will be late.

Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

Trong câu thường có:

• Tomorrow: ngày mai
• Next week/ month/ year: tuần tới/tháng/năm
• in + thời gian
• 10 years from now

10. Thì tương lai gần – Near Future

Công thức:

• Khẳng định: S + am/is/are + going to + V-inf
• Phủ định: S + am/is/are + not + going to + V-inf
• Nghi vấn: Am/is/are + S + going to + V-inf?

Cách dùng:

• Diễn tả kế hoạch hay dự định về một việc sẽ thực hiện trong tương lai.
  Ex: My sister is going to get married next month. (Tháng tới, chị tôi sẽ kết hôn)
• Diễn tả một dự đoán chắn chắn sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai do có căn cứ trên tình huống hiện tại.
  Ex: It gets darker and darker. It is going to rain

11. Thì tương lai tiếp diễn – Future Continuous

Công thức:

• Khẳng định: S + will/shall + be + V-ing
• Phủ định: S + will/shall + not + be + V-ing
• Nghi vấn: Will/shall + S + be + V-ing?

Cách dùng:

• Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm ở tương lai.
• Ex: I will be watching TV at 9 o’clock tomorrow. (Lúc 9h ngày mai tôi sẽ đang xem TV)

Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

Trong câu thường chứa các cụm từ:

• Next year, next week
• Next time, in the future
• And soon

12. Thì tương lai hoàn thành – Future Perfect

Công thức:

• Khẳng định: S + will/shall + have + V3/ed
• Phủ định: S + will/shall + not + have + V3/ed
• Nghi vấn: Will/shall + S + have + V3/ed?

Cách dùng:

• Dùng để diễn tả một hành động hay sự việc hoàn thành trước một thời điểm trong tương lai.
  Ex: I will have finished my homework by 9 o’clock tomorrow. (Tối sẽ hoàn thành xong bài tập trước 9h ngày mai)
• Dùng để diễn tả một hành động hay sự việc hoàn thành trước một hành động hay sự việc khác trong tương lai.( Hành động hoàn thành trước sẽ chia thì tương lai hoàn thành. Hành động xảy ra sau sẽ chia thì hiện tại đơn)

Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

• By, before + thời gian tương lai
• By the end of +  thời gian trong tương lai
• By the time …

13. Thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn – Future Perfect Continuous

Công thức:

Khẳng định: S + will/shall + have been + V_ing

Ex: We will have been living in this house for 10 years by next month. (Trước tháng tới, chúng tôi sẽ đang sống trong ngôi nhà này được 10 năm)

Phủ định: S + will not + have been + V_ing

Ex: We will not have been living in this house for 10 years by next month. (Trước tháng tới, chúng tôi sống trong ngôi nhà này vẫn chưa được 10 năm)

Nghi vấn: Will/shall + S + have been + V-ing?

Ex: Will they have been building this house by the end of this year?

Cách dùng:

• Dùng để diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ tiếp diễn liên tục đến một thời điểm cho trước trong tương lai.
• Ex: I will have been studying English for 10 year by the end of next month. (Trước cuối tháng tới, tôi sẽ đang học tiếng anh được 10 năm)

Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

• For + khoảng thời gian + by/ before + mốc thời gian trong tương lai
• For 2 years by the end of this
• Month
• By then
• By the time

B. BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG

Exercise 1. Bài tập thì hiện tại đơn – Điền dạng đúng của từ trong ngoặc

1. She always ______delicious meals. (make)

2. Tome______eggs. (not eat)

3. They______(do) the homework on Sunday.

4. He ______ a new T-shirt today. (buy)

5. My mom ______ shopping every week. (go)

6. ______Duong and Hoa ______ to work by bus every day? (go)

7. _____ your parents ______with your decision? (agree)

8. My sister ______ her hair every day (wash)

9. Police ______ robbers (catch)

Exercise 2. Bài tập thì hiện tại tiếp diễn – Viết câu dưới đây ở thì HTTD.

1. My/ dad/ water/ some plants/ the/ garden.

________________________

2. My/ mom/ clean/ floor/.

________________________

3. Mary/ have/ lunch/ her/ friends/ a/ restaurant.

________________________

4. They/ ask/ a/ man/ about/ the/ way/ the/ railway/ station.

________________________

5. My/ student/ draw/ a/ beautiful/ picture

________________________

Exercise 3. Bài tập thì hiện tại hoàn thành – Chia động từ trong ngoặc. 

1. They ______a new lamp. (buy)

2. We ______our holiday yet. (not/ plan)

3. He just ______ out for 2 hours (go)

4. I ______ my plan (not/finish)

5. ______ you ______ this lesson yet? ( learn)

EXERCISE 4: Use the correct form of verbs in brackets.

1. In all the world, there (be) __________ only 14 mountains that (reach) __________above 8,000 meters.

2. He sometimes (come) __________ to see his parents.

3. When I (come) __________, she (leave) __________for Dalat ten minutes ago.

4. My grandfather never (fly) __________ in an airplane, and he has no intention of ever doing so.

5. We just (decide) __________ that we (undertake) ____________ the job.

6. He told me that he (take) __________ a trip to California the following week.

7. I knew that this road (be) __________ too narrow.

8. Right now I (attend) __________ class. Yesterday at this time I (attend) __________class.

9. Tomorrow I’m going to leave for home. When I (arrive) __________at the airport, Mary (wait) __________ for me.

10. Margaret was born in 1950. By last year, she (live) __________on this earth for 55 years .

11. The traffic was very heavy. By the time I (get) __________to Mary’s party, everyone already (arrive) __________

12. I will graduate in June. I (see) __________ you in July. By the time I (see) __________ you , I (graduate) __________.

13. I (visit) __________ my uncle’s home regularly when I (be) __________ a child.

14. That book (be) __________ on the table for weeks. You (not read) __________ it yet ?

15. David (wash) __________ his hands. He just (repair) __________ the TV set.

16. You (be) __________here before? Yes, I (spend) __________ my holidays here last year.

17. We never (meet) __________ him. We don’t know what he (look) __________ like.

18. The car (be) __________ ready for him by the time he (come) __________tomorrow.

19. On arriving at home I (find) __________that she just (leave) __________a few minutes before.

20. When we (arrive) __________ in London tonight, it probably (rain) __________.

21. It (rain) __________ hard. We can’t do anything until it (stop) __________

22. Last night we (watch) __________TV when the power (fail) __________.

23. That evening we (stay) __________up to talk about the town where he (live) __________for some years.

24. I (sit) __________down for a rest while the shoes (repair) __________.

25. Half way to the office Paul (turn) __________round and (go) __________back home because he (forget) __________to turn the gas off.

26. London (change) __________a lot since we first (come) __________ to live here.

27. While we (talk) __________on the phone the children (start) __________fighting and (break) __________a window

28. He used to talk to us for hours about all the interesting things he (do) __________ in his life.

29. You know she (stand) __________looking at that picture for the last twenty minutes.

30. I (spend) __________ a lot of time travelling since I (get) __________this new job.

31. When we (be) __________ at school we all (study) __________Latin.

32. When I (meet) __________ him , he (work) __________as a waiter for a year.

33. After he (finish) __________ breakfast he (sit) __________down to write some letters.

34. She (have) __________a hard life, but she’s always smiling.

35. I think Jim (be) __________ out of town.

EXERCISE 5: Choose the best answer among A, B, C, or D.

1. When I last saw him, he _____ in London.

A. has lived

B. is living

C. was living

D. has been living

2. We _______ Dorothy since last Saturday.

A. don’t see

B. haven’t seen

C. didn’t see

D. hadn’t seen

3. The train ______ half an hour ago.

A. has been leaving

B. left

C. has left

D. had left

4. Jack ______ the door.

A. has just painted

B. paint

C. will have painted

D. painting

5. My sister ________ for you since yesterday.

A. is looking

B. was looking

C. has been looking

D. looked

6. I ______ Texas State University now.

A. am attending

B. attend

C. was attending

D. attended

7. He has been selling motorbikes ________.

A. ten years ago

B. since ten years

C. for ten years ago

D. for ten years

8. Christopher Columbus _______ American more than 500 years ago.

A. discovered

B. has discovered

C. had discovered

D. had been discovering

9. He fell down when he ______ towards the church.

A. run

B. runs

C. was running

D. had run

10. We _______ there when our father died.

A. still lived

B. lived still

C. was still lived

D. was still living

11. They ______ table tennis when their father comes back home.

A. will play

B. will be playing

C. play

D. would play

12. By Christmas, I _______ for Mr. Smith for six years.

A. will have been working

B. will work

C. have been working

D. will be working

13. I _______ in the room right now

A. am being

B. was being

C. have been being

D. am

14. I ______ to New York three times this year.

A. have been

B. was

C. were

D. had been

15. I’ll come and see you before I _______ for the States.

A. leave

B. will leave

C. have left

D. shall leave

16. The little girl asked what _______ to her friend.

A. has happened

B. happened

C. had happened

D. would have been happened

17. John ______ a book when I saw him.

A. is reading

B. read

C. was reading

D. reading

18. He said he _______ return later.

A. will

B. would

C. can

D. would be

19. Jack ________ the door.

A. has just opened

B. open

C. have opened

D. opening

20. I have been waiting for you ______ .

A. since early morning

B. since 9 a.m

C. for two hours

D. All are correct

21. Almost everyone _______ for home by the time we arrived.

A. leave

B. left

C. leaves

D. had left

22. By the age of 25, he ______ two famous novels.

A. wrote

B. writes

C. has written

D. had written

23. When her husband was in the army, Mary ______ to him twice a week

A. was reading

B. wrote

C. was written

D. had written

24. I couldn’t cut the grass because the lawn mower ______ a few days previously.

A. broke down

B. has been broken

C. had broken down

D. breaks down

25. I have never played badminton before. This is the first time I _____ to play.

A. try

B. tried

C. have tried

D. am trying

26. Since _______, I have heard nothing from him.

A. he had left

B. he left

C. he has left

D. he was left

27. After I _______ lunch, I looked for my bag.

A. had

B. had had

C. have has

D. have had

28. By the end of next year, George _______ English for two years.

A. will have learned

B. will learn

C. has learned

D. would learn

29. The man got out of the car, ________ round to the back and opened the book.

A. walking

B. walked

C. walks

D. walk

30. Henry _______ into the restaurant when the writer was having dinner.

A. was going

B. went

C. has gone

D. did go

31. He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he ______ dinner.

A. finish

B. finishes

C. will finish

D. finishing

32. I will be glad if he _______ with us.

A. had gone

B. did go

C. went

D. goes

33 Ask her to come and see me when she _______ her work.

A. finish

B. has finished

C. finished

D. finishing

34. Turn off the gas. Don’t you see that the kettle ________ ?

A. boil

B. boils

C. is boiling

D. boiled

35. Tom and Mary ______ for Vietnam tomorrow.

A. leave

B. are leaving

C. leaving

D. are left

36. He always ________ for a walk in the evening.

A. go

B. is going

C. goes

D. going

37. Her brother ______ in Canada at present.

A. working

B. works

C. is working

D. work

38. I ______ to the same barber since last year.

A. am going

B. have been going

C. go

D. had gone

39. Her father ______ when she was a small girl.

A. dies

B. died

C. has died

D. had died

40. Last week, my professor promised that he ________ today.

A. would come

B. will come

C. comes

D. coming

EXERCISE 6: Choose the underlined part in each sentence (A, B,C, or D ) that needs correcting

1. After Mrs. Wang had returned (A) to her house (B) from work (C), she was cooking (D) dinner.

2. Jimmy threw (A) the ball high (B) in the air, and Betty catching (C) it when (D) it came down.

3. Linda has worn (A) her new yellow (B) dress only once (C) since she buys (D) it.

4. Last week Mark told (A) me that he go (B)t very bored with his present job and is looking (C) for a new on (D)e.

5. Having (A) fed the dog, he was sat (B) down to (C) his own (D) meal.

6. When I turned on my computer, I was shocked (A) to find (B) some junk mail, and (C) I delete (D) it all.

7. They are going to have to (A) leave soon (B) and so do (C) we (D).

8. The boss laughed when the secretary has told (A) him that she really (B) needed (C) a pay (D) rise.

9. The telephone rang several times (A) and then (B) stop (C) before I could (D) answer it.

10. Debbie, whose father (A) is an excellent tennis player(B), has been (C) playing tennis since (D) ten years.

11. I have seen (A) lots(B) of interesting (C) places when I went (D) on holiday last summer.

12. When my cat heard (A) a noise in the bushes, she stopped moving (B) and listen (C) intently (D).

13. I think (A) it’s time you change (B) your way of (C) living (D).

14. Roger felt the outside (A) of his pocket to make (B) sure his (C) wallet is still (D) there.

15. When I’m shopping (A) in the supermarket, I ran into (B) an old friend who I hadn’t met (C) for (D) five years.

16. The police (A) arrested the man while (B) he is having (C) dinner in (D) a restaurant.

17. Peter and Wendy first (A) met in 2006 (B), and they are (C) married for three years now (D).

18. Some (A) people are believing (B) there is life on (C) other (D) planets.

19. Recently, the island of Hawaii (A) had been (B) the subject of intensive research (C) on the occurrence (D) of earthquakes.

20. Every morning, the sun shines (A) in my bedroom window (B) and waking (C) me up (D).

21. The man died as (A) a result of falling (B) asleep (C) while he drives (D).

22. I haven’t finished (A) the report yet (B),but by the time you return (C) I will certainly complete (D) it.

23. Caroline has worn (A) her new yellow (B) dress only once (C) since she buys (D) it.

24. We’ll be cycled (A) to Hoa’s village (B) at (C) this time next (D) Sunday.

25. What will (A) you do (B) when (C) your friends won’t come (D) ?

26. Someone was knocking (A) at the door (B) when I was doing (C) the washing up (D).

27. My friend didn’t drink (A) any (B) beer since we came (C) to live here (D).

28. We have written (A)to each other (B) when (C) we were (D) in primary school.

29. After (A) breakfast, I‘m gone (B) to walk to (C) school with (D) my friends.

30. Did (A) he go to (B) the pop concert next weekend (C) for a change (D)?

EXERCISE 7: Choose the correct sentence among A, B, C or D which has the same meaning as the given one.

1. Eight years ago we started writing to each other.

A. We have rarely written to each other for eight years.

B. Eight years is a long time for us to write to each other.

C. We wrote to each other eight years ago.

D. We have been writing to each other for eight years.

2. The boy was so lazy that he couldn’t stay up late to learn his lessons.

A. The boy was lazy enough not to stay up late to learn his lessons.

B. The boy was too lazy to stay up late to learn his lessons.

C. The boy was lazy enough but he stayed up late to learn his lessons.

D. The boy was lazy enough to stay up late to learn his lessons.

3. My father is tired of seeing any violent films.

A. My father hasn’t seen a violent film.

B. My father has enjoyed all the violent films he has ever seen.

C. My father is worried about missing the next violent film.

D. My father never wants to see another violent film.

4. As soon as he waved his hand, she turned away.

A. He saw her turn away and he waved his hand.

B. No sooner had he waved his hand than she turned away.

C. She turned away because he waved his hand too early.

D. Although she turned away, he waved his hand.

5. John wishes he had remembered to send Mary a Christmas card.

A. John regrets not to send Mary a Christmas card.

B. John regrets forgetting not to send Mary a Christmas card.

C. John regrets not remembering sending Mary a Christmas card.

D. John regrets forgetting to send Mary a Christmas card.

6. My father hasn’t smoked cigarettes for a month.

A. It’s a month since my father last smoked cigarettes.

B. It’s a month ago that my father smoked cigarettes.

C. It’s a month that my father hasn’t smoked cigarettes.

D. It’s a cigarette that my father smoked a month ago.

7. Having finished their work, the workers expected to be paid.

A. The workers expected to be paid because they had finished their work.

B. Having their work finishing, the workers expected to be paid.

C. Having expected to be paid, the workers finished their work.

D. Having been finished their work, the workers expected to be paid.

8. Mr. Brown bought this car five years ago.

A. Mr. Brown started to buy this car for five years.

B. It has been five years when Mr. Brown has bought this car.

C. Mr. Brown has had this car for five years .

D. It is five years ago since Mr. Brown has bought this car.

9. John used to write home once a week when he was abroad.

A. John doesn’t write home once a week any longer.

B. John enjoyed being written home every week when he was abroad.

C. John never forgot to write a weekly letter home when he was abroad.

D. When he was abroad he remembered to write home every week.

10. I haven’t enjoyed myself so much for years.

A. It’s years since I enjoyed myself so much.

B. It’s years since I have enjoyed myself so much.

C. It was years since I had enjoyed myself so much.

D. It has been years since I have enjoyed myself so much.

EXERCISE 8: Give the correct form of the word in brackets.

1. He went to his house, lied down on the bed, and (sleep) ……………… right away.

2. I (buy) ……………… the ticket yesterday. I am (go) ……………… Dalat tomorrow.

3. Tim (attend) ……………… the meeting at school at the moment.

4. He (have not) ……………… English for 2 years.

5. Our class (start) ……………… at 9am.

6. I always (brush) ……………… my teeth before I go to bed.

7. I (study) ……………… English since I was 21.

8. He was listening to music when his boss (come) ……………… yesterday.

9. I (have do) ……………… all the homework all afternoon.

10. I (be) ……………… a student.

11. She (wait) ……………… you for all day.

12. He wasn’t working when his boss (call) ……………… him yesterday.

13. She (be) ……………… at her boyfriend’s house yesterday morning.

14. I (talk) ……………… to my father at the moment.

15. We (be) ……………… in Nhatrang on their summer holiday last year.

16. The sun (rise) ……………… in the east.

17. He (meet) ……………… his old friend near his house yesterday.

18. The World Cup (take place) ……………… every four years.

19. They (play) ……………… in the garden at 4 pm yesterday.

20. She was watching a picture while her mother (cook) ……………… soup.

21. They (play) ……………… now.

22. Anne was riding her bike to school when Peter (see) ……………… her yesterday.

Exercise 9. Khoanh vào đáp án đúng.

1. He fell down when he …………towards the church.

A. run B. runs C. was running D. had run

2. The train …………. half an hour ago.

A. has been leaving B. left C. has left D. had left

3. He has been selling motorcycles……………..

A. ten years ago B. since ten years C. for ten years ago D. for ten years.

4. I ……..Texas State University now.

A. am attending B. attend C. was attending D. attended.

5. The little girl asked what ……… to her friend.

A. has happened B. Happened C. had happened D. would have been happened.

6. John ……… a book when I saw him.

A. is reading B. read C. was reading D. Reading

7. I………….to New York three times this year.

A. have been B. was C. were D. had been

8. I will come and see you before I………….for America.

A. leave B. will leave C. have left D. shall leave

9. I have never played badminton before. This is the first time I ……… to play.

A. try B. tried C. have tried D. am trying

10. He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he ……….. dinner.

A. finish B. finishes C. will finish D. finishing

11. When I met him , he ……. as a waiter for a year.

A.had been working B. worked C. have worked D. work.

12. I………….the dishwasher on when heard the shot.

A. am turning B. were turning C. was turning D. turned

13. There was a time when watching TV really……………family entertainment.

A. were B. was C. had been D. Is

14. The Olympic Games…………every four years.

A. take place B. takes place C. took place D. is taking place.

15. …………….you go to the dentist?

A. how often are B. how often do C. how often does D. how are

16. By the end of next year, Kelvin ………English for two years.

A. will have learned B. will learn C. has learned D. would learn.

17. By the age of 25, he …….. two famous novels.

A. wrote B. writes C. has written D. had written

18. I think the weather……………nice later.

A. will be B. be C. had D. has been

ĐÁP ÁN

Exercise 1. Bài tập thì hiện tại đơn – Điền dạng đúng của từ trong ngoặc

1 – Makes; 2 – Does not eat; 3 – Don’t; 4 – Buys; 5 – Goes

6 – Do – go; 7 – Do – agree; 8 – Washes; 9 – Catch;

Exercise 2. Bài tập thì hiện tại tiếp diễn – Viết câu dưới đây ở thì HTTD.

1 – My dad is watering some plants in the garden.

2 – My mom is cleaning the floor.

3 – Mary is having lunch with her friends in a restaurant.

4 – They are asking a man about the way to the railway station.

5 – My student is drawing a (very) beautiful picture.

Exercise 3.Bài tập thì hiện tại hoàn thành – Chia động từ trong ngoặc.

1 – Have bought

2 – Haven’t planned

3 – Has gone

4 – Haven’t finished

5 – Have – learned

Exercise 4:

1. are – reach; 2. comes; 3. came – had left; 4. has never flown;

5. have just decided -would undertake; 6. would take; 7. was ;

8. am attending – was attending; 9. arrive -will be waitin;g 10. had lived;

11. got- had already arrived; 12. will see – see – will have graduated;

13. visited -was; 14. has been – haven’t you read; 15. is washing – has just repaired;

16. Have you been – spent; 17. have never met – looks; 18. will have been- comes;

19. found – had just lef;t 20. arrive – will probably be raining; 21. is raining – stops;

22. were watching – failed ; 23. stayed – had lived; 24. sat – were being repaired;

25. turned – went – had forgotten; 26. has changed – came;

27. were talking – started – broke; 28. had done 29. has been standing;

30. have spent – got; 31. were – studied; 32. met – had been working;

33. had finished – sat; 34. has; 35. has been;

Exercise 5:

1. C

2. B

3. B

4. A

5. C

6. A

7. D

8. A

9. C

10. A

11. B

12. A

13. D

14. A

15. A

16. C

17. C

18. B

19. A

20. D

21. D

22. D

23. B

24. C

25. C

26. B

27. B

28. A

29. B

30. B

31. B

32. D

33. B

34. C

35. B

36. C

37. C

38. B

39. B

40. A

Exercise 6:

1. D. was cooking -> cooked

2. C. catching -> caught

3. D. buys -> bought

4. C. is looking -> was looking

5. B. was sat -> sat

6. D. delete -> deleted

7. C. so do -> so are

8. A. has told -> told

9. C. stop -> stopped

10. D. since -> for

11. A. have seen -> saw

12. C. listen -> listened

13. B. change -> changed

14. D. is still -> was still

15. A. I’m shopping -> was shopping

16. C. is having -> was having

17. C. are -> have been

18. B. are believing -> believe

19. B. had been -> has been

20. C. waking -> wakes

21. D. drives -> was driving

22. D. will certainly complete -> will have certainly completed

23. D. buys -> bought

24. A. We’ll be cycled -> We’ll be cycling

25. D. won’t come -> don’t come

26. A. was knocking -> knocked

27. A. didn’t drink -> hasn’t drunk

28. C. when -> since

29. B. gone -> going

30. A. Did -> Will

Exercise 7:

1. D; 2. B; 3. D; 4. B; 5. D; 6. A; 7. A; 8. C; 9. A; 10. A;

Exercise 8.

1 – slept; 2 – bought – am going to; 3 – is attending; 4 – has not practised; 5 – starts;

6 – brush; 7 – have studied; 8 – came; 9 – have been doing; 10 – am;

11 – has been waiting; 12 – called; 13 – was; 14 – am talking; 15 – were;

16 – rises; 17 – met; 18 – take place; 19 – was playing; 20 – was cooking; 

21 – are playing; 22 – saw;

Exercise 9. Khoanh vào đáp án đúng.

1.C 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.C 7.A 8.A 9.C 10.B

11.A 12.C 13.B 14.B 15.B 16.A 17.D 18.A

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